What is Textile Terminology?
Terminology refers to the specific words, phrases, and expressions that are used in a particular field or industry. It can also include words and phrases related to concepts, processes, equipment, and other aspects of a particular field. Terminology is also called technical terms, jargon, acronyms, and abbreviations that are commonly used within that field.
Textile terminology refers to the specialized words, phrases, and expressions that are used in the textile industry such as fibers, yarns, fabrics, weaving, and finishing techniques. These terms often have specific meanings that are unique to the textile field, and may be unfamiliar or confusing to those outside of it.
Textile terminology is very important for effective communication in production floor, as it allows for clear and accurate understanding of information. It also helps to ensure consistency and precision in the way ideas and concepts are discussed and understood. In addition, textile terminology can be used to differentiate between similar concepts or terms that have different meanings within a particular field.
List of Textile Terminology and Definitions:
Some examples of textile terminology include:
Abrasion resistance: It is the ability of a fabric or material to withstand wear and tear caused by friction or rubbing. Abrasion can occur from a variety of sources, such as the rubbing of clothing against skin or the rubbing of fabrics against other fabrics or surfaces. Abrasion resistance is an important characteristic for textiles, as it helps to determine the durability and longevity of a fabric or material.
Calendering: Calendering finishing is a process used to improve the surface properties of fabrics, such as their smoothness, shine, and drapability. It is done by passing the fabric through a series of rollers under high pressure. The rollers, or calender, can be heated or cooled and can have a smooth or textured surface.
Colorfastness: Colorfastness in textiles refers to the ability of a fabric or dye to maintain its original color when exposed to various environmental conditions such as light, washing, perspiration, rubbing and so on. It is an indicator of how well a dye or fabric will resist fading or discoloration over time.
Denier: A unit of measurement used to describe the thickness of fibers or yarns.
Dye: A dye is a substance that is used to color a material, such as a textile or fabric. Dyes can be natural or synthetic and can be applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics. Dyeing is the process of adding color to a textile material.
Dyeing: The process of adding color to fibers, yarns, or fabrics.
Elasticity: Ability of a fiber / fabric to stretch and then return to its original shape and size.
Embroidery: It is the process of decorating a fabric with needle and thread.
Fabric Construction: The method used to create a fabric, such as woven or knitted.
Fabric Density: The number of yarns per unit area of a fabric.
Fabric Hand: The physical characteristics of a fabric, such as softness, drape, and stiffness.
Fabric Performance: The ability of a fabric to withstand wear, fading, shrinkage, and other factors that affect its durability and appearance.
Fabric Stretch: The ability of a fabric to stretch or recover its shape after being stretched.
Fabric Weight: The weight of a fabric, typically measured in ounces or grams.
Fabric Width: The width of a fabric, typically measured in inches or centimeters.
Fabric: A material made by weaving or knitting together fibers or yarns.
Fiber Content: The types of fibers that make up a textile fabric, such as cotton, polyester, or nylon.
Fiber: A basic building block of textiles, a fiber is a very thin strand of material that is used to create fabrics. Generally the length should be 500 to 1000 times longer than width. It should have certain properties also like sufficient strength, length, fineness, elasticity, crimp, friction, power to react with acid and alkalis and the power to protect the effect of biological agents etc. Example: Cotton, Jute, Linen, Nylon etc.
Filament: Filament is a long, continuous strand of fibers, which is used to create yarns and fabrics. Filaments can be made from a variety of materials, including natural fibers such as silk or cotton, and synthetic fibers such as polyester or nylon. Filaments are often produced by spinning fibers together to create a continuous strand, but they can also be produced by extruding a polymer through a spinneret to create a continuous strand of synthetic fibers.
Finishing: The process of applying chemicals and mechanical actions to the fabric for the final desired output.
Fleece: A type of fabric that is made from a soft, fluffy material, often used for warm clothing or blankets.
GSM: A unit of measurement used to describe the weight of fabrics, typically measured in grams per square meter.
Jacquard: A type of fabric or weave that features a complex, decorative pattern.
Knitting: A method of creating fabric by looping yarns together using needles.
Lace: A delicate, openwork fabric made by interlacing threads in a pattern.
Non-woven: A fabric that is not created by weaving or knitting, but rather by bonding fibers together chemically or mechanically.
Pile: A type of fabric that has a raised surface, such as velvet or corduroy.
Pilling: A fabric’s tendency to form little balls of fluff as a result of abrasion.
Polymer: This compound is a combination of large molecules made from a chain of smaller, repeating chemical units called monomers.
Printing: The process of applying a design or pattern to a fabric surface.
Resilience: The ability of a fibre to spring back to its original shape after deformation.
Sateen: A type of fabric or weave that features a glossy surface.
Staple fiber: Shot to average fiber lengths, e.g. cotton.
Textile Testing: The process of evaluating the properties and quality of textiles.
Thread: A thin strand of yarn that is used in sewing or weaving.
Tissue: The properties of textile fabrics in relation to their use, drapability, feel, and appearance.
Twill: A type of fabric or weave that features a diagonal pattern.
Warp: The lengthwise threads in a woven fabric.
Weave: The method used to create a fabric by interlacing threads or yarns in a pattern.
Weft: The crosswise threads in a woven fabric.
Yarn: A yarn is formed via the process of spinning, which takes fibers and twists them. This process holds fibers together (whether they are staple fibers or continuous filaments) and adds strength to them so they are not easily pulled apart.
Yarn Count: A numerical value indicating the fineness or thickness of yarns. The weight of the original fiber and the length of yarn produced from the raw materials indicate the thickness of the yarn which is determined by the extent of the drawing process. The yarn count may be measured in a number of ways: the traditional fixed-length Count, Tex and Denier.
References:
- Textile Engineering – An Introduction Edited by Yasir Nawab
- Fibres to Fabrics by Bev Ashford
- Textile Engineering By Roxanna Cody
- Textile Chemistry By Thomas Bechtold and Tung Pham
- Textile Technology: An Introduction, Second Edition by Thomas Gries, Dieter Veit, and Burkhard Wulfhorst
- https://www.textileblog.com/terminology-of-textile-and-apparel-industry/
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