Bursting Strength:
The resistance of a substance to bursting is measured by its bursting strength of textiles. It specifies the maximum pressure at which a material may burst. It is a crucial statistic for comprehending the strength and durability of materials exposed to internal stresses. Measuring bursting strength of textiles, strength tester must be needed.
As of definition, the force or pressure necessary to induce a rupture in a fabric through its deformation when the force is applied perpendicular to the fabric’s plane is called bursting strength.
Bursting strength tests are typically performed on knit or stretchy fabrics that are unsuitable for tensile strength testing. But it can also be applicable to test materials like woven or nonwoven fabrics, packaging cardboards, papers, etc.
Principle Of Bursting Strength Tester:
Bursting strength of fabric is measured by bursting strength tester. There are essentially three types of bursting strength test-
- Hydraulic burst (requires liquid pressure)
- Pneumatic burst (requires air pressure)
- Ball burst (requires special attachment in the tester)
In hydraulic and pneumatic method, the specimen is secured in place in the tester by clamping it over a diaphragm that may be inflated. The diaphragm is then expanded using either fluid pressure or air pressure until the specimen breaks. Then bursting strength is calculated by subtracting the required pressure to rupture the specimen from the required pressure to inflate the diaphragm.
In the case of a ball bursting tester, a ball-like attachment is used to evaluate bursting strength, and this approach is appropriate for materials with a high degree of elasticity.
Hydroburst Bursting Strength Tester:
The Hydro Burst Bursting Strength Tester utilizes hydraulic bursting (diaphragm method). This tester takes advantage of the fact that pressure in a liquid is exerted in all directions.
This tester operates on a very basic but efficient principle. Test material is compressed until it bursts by applying hydraulic pressure while it is clamped between two circular clamps. The material’s bursting strength is defined as the pressure at which the material breaks.
The Components Of The Tester Includes:
- A clamping mechanism to hold the material being tested
- A diaphragm of natural or synthetic rubber underneath the test specimen and level with the clamping surface
- A hydraulic pressure fluid with a displacement rate of 95 mL/min 6 5 mL/min; usually 96% pure glycerin is recommended
- A hydraulic pump to create pressure
- A pressure gauge to measure the pressure.
- A pressure recording system to record the pressure at rupture point to avoid further application of hydraulic pressure
Sample Preparation:
- To prepare lab sample 1 meter full-width fabric is needed (shall discard first meter of the roll).
- Test Specimens are cut by avoiding selvage (10% of fabric width). 10 specimens with 125 mm (5 inch) squares are prepared
- Different warp/course and fill/wale must be maintained while sample preparation
Conditioning:
The specimens are conditioned to moisture equilibrium before testing as directed in ASTM D1776 which is at 21±2º C temperature and Relative humidity is 65±5% for 24 hours.
Testing Procedure:
Before the testing starts the tester needs to be calibrated by bursting five specimens of standard aluminum sheet (monthly).
- At first the specimen is clamped smoothly and securely by ensuring there is no crease or folds in the specimen
- Then pressure is applied to the specimen until it bursts
- After that diaphragm pressure is released and specimen is removed
- The pressure needed to inflate the diaphragm (tare pressure) to the same height as when the specimen was burst using the same conditions is recorded
- Then from burst pressure tare pressure is subtracted for each specimen
- Average the bursting strength of 10 specimen
Advantages Of Hydroburst Bursting Strength Tester:
One of the primary advantages of employing hydro burst bursting strength tester is its precision and reliability. The hydraulic system provides for exact control of the applied pressure to the material, providing uniform and repeatable outcomes.
In addition to accuracy, this tester is simple to operate and maintain. Because of the testers’ easy-to-use controls and straight forward interface, operators can run tests on them fast and without difficulty.
Furthermore, a variety of materials, including higher bursting strength material like paper, plastic, and packaging, as well as textiles, can be tested using this tester due to their versatility.
Certain models of hydroburst tester include the ability to be linked to a mobile device, enabling remote management and observation of the testing procedure.
Limitations Of Hydroburst Bursting Strength Tester:
- Larger structure makes it difficult to put up and move around.
- Using hydraulic fluids might be messy and require regular maintenance
- Expensive in terms of both- initial cost and operational cost
Conclusion:
To sum up, the hydraulic bursting strength tester is frequently employed in industries to evaluate the durability and strength of materials. Its easy operating principle, precise findings, and real-time data make it a popular choice among manufacturers.
References:
- ASTM D3786 – D3786M-18
- ASTM D3787-07
- https://chiuvention.com/product/hydroburst-bursting-strength-tester
- https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/comparison-hydraulic-bursting-strength-tester-nana-textile-tester–sdc5c
- https://medium.com/@testexnola/what-is-the-working-principle-of-hydraulic-bursting-strength-tester-6873b361ad4f
Author Information:
Mahzabin Mosharrof
M.Sc in Textile Engineering, DUET (ongoing)
Former Lab Technologist of Hohenstein BD
Currently working as Instructor of NIET, Dhaka.
